New Orleans, San Francisco, other cities make 'Freeways Without Futures' list
The Claiborne overpass, in New Orleans, once was a boulevard that connected a neighborhood. Now the freeway divides the neighborhood.
The Congress for the New Urbansim released its biennial Top 10 list of “Freeways Without Futures," selecting the US urban highways most in need of being removed. Across the country, the realization is growing that highways do not fit in an urban context, and that solutions like at-grade boulevards can serve roughly the same number of cars while creating walkable, livable communities. These transformations can save taxpayers billions of dollars in highway construction and maintenance, while simultaneously bringing economic revitalization to cities.
The "Freeways Without Futures" list recognizes the urban highways CNU believes are, in 2014, doing significant damage to their cities and are seriously in need of replacement with more people-friendly options. More importantly, this list recognizes the grassroots advocates, city officials and others who are working locally to redefine their urban environment. The CNU top 10 prospects for highway removals in 2014 are (in no particular order):
- New Orleans, LA – Claiborne Expressway
- Buffalo, NY – The Skyway and Route 5
- Syracuse, NY – Interstate 81
- Toronto, Ontario – Gardiner Expressway
- Rochester, NY – Inner Loop
- St. Louis, MO – Interstate 70
- San Francisco, CA – Interstate 280
- Detroit, MI – Interstate 375
- Long Beach, CA – Terminal Island Freeway
- Hartford, CT – Aetna Viaduct
This list is by no means definitive - many more removal campaigns deserve to be internationally recognized for their scope and resolve. Five additional campaigns are noted in the full report, which can be downloaded here.
“There is a real window of opportunity right now for highway removal projects,” explains CNU President John Norquist. “Many of the freeways built in the 1950 and 60s have reached the end of their design lives, and millions of dollars will either go to maintaining these blight-creating behemoths or to creating infrastructure that will improve, rather than destroy, communities.”
CNU received nominations from more than 50 cities, which were evaluated on criteria that included:
- Age of freeway. Most of the freeways on the 'teardown list' are at the end of their lifespans and will need to be rebuilt at great cost, if the highways are to be maintained. Reconstruction of these aging highways would cost significantly more than replacing the road with a boulevard.
- Cost versus short-term mobility improvement. Often the freeway rebuild option, while costing several millions dollars more than a surface street alternative, will only lead to a few minutes off driving times or even a return to the same level of congestion a couple years out.
- Development potential. Often including a waterfront location. All of the freeways have blighted surrounding neighborhoods and depressed property values. When the freeways are removed, the revival can start. Often a new boulevard acts as a key improvement that helps improve access to the area.
- Improved access. Limited-access freeways often disrupt the city street grid, reducing access to adjacent neighborhoods and overall mobility, including transit, traffic, bike, and pedestrian flow.
- Timeliness. Most of the nominees are under study now by state Departments of Transportation, often for new ramps, costly repairs or full rebuilding.
- Local support. The best candidates for removals have strong local supporters, including civic activists or key elected officials, who understand that the lands within the freeway corridor can be transformed into community-wide assets.
